Renal matters

Before somebody discusses the value of a URINE OSMOLALITY, please COMPARE WITH BLOOD OSMOLALITY FIRST! if not it is of no value

WHY DO WE COMPARE PROTEIN/CREATINE?
- not to account for differential GFR

Types of neuropathic bladder:
1. detrusor hyperreflexia
2. destrusor-sphincter dyssynergia + detrusor hyperreflexia +/- autonomic dysreflexia
3. detrusor arreflexia

Types of chronic bronchitis
1. simple chronic bronchitis: clear mucoid sputum
2. chronic mucopurulent bronchitis: persistent purulent sputum production in the absence of localized suppurative disease (e.g. bronchiectasis)
3. chronic bronchitis with obstruction: long history of productive cough with late onset of wheeze vs asthma: long history of wheezing with late onset of productive couhg